Coronary collateral circulation (CCC), an alternative blood supply for ischemic myocardium, improves survival rates among\npatients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there remains a lack of biomarkers to discriminate between patients with\npoor or good CCC. In this study, we aimed to observe the relationship between plasma microRNA-146a (miR-146a) levels and the\ncoronary collateral circulation (CCC). Additionally, we aimed to explore whether the plasma miR-146a level could serve as a bloodbased\nbiomarker for CCC in patients with CAD.Wemeasured the plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)\nand miR-146a in patients with CCC by ELISA and real-time PCR, respectively, according to the Rentrop grades. The results showed\nthat the plasma miR-146a level is significantly increased in CAD patients with good CCC and significantly decreased in those with\npoor CCC. In contrast, although VEGFA expression in patients followed a similar trend as the CCC, the differences between the\ngroups were not statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between plasma miR-146a levels and the Rentrop grading.\nIn addition, receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that miR-146a could be a potent biomarker for identifying patients\nwith poor CCC.
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